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Russian Application of Filter Press in Electroplating Wastewater Treatment
As an indispensable part of modern industrial production, the electroplating industry provides us with many necessities, but it also produces a large amount of electroplating wastewater. These wastewaters contain harmful metal ions and organic pollutants. If they are not effectively treated, they will cause great harm to the environment and human health. As a common wastewater treatment equipment, filter press plays an important role in the treatment of electroplating wastewater.
Characteristics of Electroplating Wastewater
Electroplating wastewater contains a variety of heavy metal ions, such as chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), etc. These heavy metals are highly toxic and difficult to degrade in the environment, causing long-term pollution of water and soil. In addition to heavy metal ions, electroplating wastewater also contains a variety of chemicals, including various acids, alkalis, chelating agents, additives, and organic solvents. The wide variety of these chemicals increases the difficulty of wastewater treatment. Electroplating wastewater has great potential harm to the environment. Countries have strict regulations on its discharge. Enterprises must adopt compliant treatment methods to ensure that wastewater is treated to meet standards before discharge.
Working Principle of Filter Press in Treating Electroplating Wastewater
A filter press is a device that separates liquid from solid particles by mechanical pressure. In electroplating wastewater treatment, filter presses are usually used in the solid-liquid separation stage. Its working principle is as follows: electroplating wastewater is mixed with a solid adsorbent or dehydrating agent to form a mixture. The mixture is then fed into the filter chamber of the filter press. The filter chamber contains a series of filter plates, which are usually covered by multiple layers of filter cloth. When the mixture passes through the filter chamber, the solid particles are retained by the filter cloth, while the liquid is discharged through the filter cloth. Over time, solids accumulate on the filter plates to form a solid retentate, also known as a filter cake. Once the filter cake reaches a certain thickness, the filter press stops feeding, compacts the filter cake, and then discharges the filter cake.
In actual applications, electroplating companies usually use filter presses in combination with other treatment processes, such as chemical precipitation, redox, and biological treatment, to form a complete wastewater treatment system to ensure that the final discharged wastewater meets the standards. For example, chemical precipitation is first carried out to remove most of the heavy metals, then solid-liquid separation is carried out through a filter press, and finally, organic pollutants are degraded through biological treatment to ensure comprehensive treatment of wastewater.
Advantages of Filter Press in Electroplating Wastewater Treatment
- Energy-efficient solid-liquid separation: The main function of the filter press is to achieve solid-liquid separation in electroplating wastewater. By separating solid particles, metal ions, and organic pollutants can be effectively removed.
- Cake treatment is more convenient: The filter cake generated by the filter press is usually enriched with metals and organic matter, which can be further treated or disposed of. These substances can be recycled or safely disposed of to reduce the impact on the environment.
- Save water resources: The clean liquid can be further treated to remove residual pollutants. This can include methods such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, and membrane separation. The treated water can be recycled and reused to achieve the purpose of water saving.
- Electroplating wastewater treatment is an important environmental protection work involving highly harmful metal and organic pollution. As an effective wastewater treatment equipment, the filter press has great advantages in solid-liquid separation and filter cake treatment. However, when using the filter press, its operation and maintenance need to be carefully considered to ensure its effectiveness and safety.
